Thus the proposed PageRank Opinion Formation (PROF) model takes into account the situation in which an opinion of an in?uential friend from high ranks of the society counts more than an opinion of a friend from lower society level. We argue that the PageRank probability is the most natural form of ranking of society members. Indeed, the e?ciency of PageRank rating is demonstrated for various types of scale-free networks including the World Wide Web (WWW), Physical Review citation network, scienti?c journal rating, ranking of tennis players, Wikipedia articles, the world trade network and others. Due to the above argument we consider that the PROF model captures the reality of social networks and below we present the analysis of its interesting properties. _______ I’ve posted four distinct articles describing various methods for modeling the #attentioneconomy today, in case anyone happened to notice. Hopefully the scientists involved are also working on popularized texts to help the public understand what they are doing. I’m trying to describe it as best I can, but I’m worried that the science is outpacing my attempts to clarify. I think that’s a good kind of problem. I’m really not sure. Kenneth Read originally shared this post: PageRank. Imagine simulating or even predicting opinion formation on large social networks, and the preservation of opinions in small circles. Are the tools of theoretical physics relevant and up to the challenge?… Boltzmann meets Twitter tonight. [1204.3806] PageRank model of opinion formation on social networks Abstract: We propose the PageRank model of opinion formation and investigate its rich properties on real directed networks of Universities of Cambridge and Oxford, LiveJournal and Twitter. In this mod…

TECHNICS ? originally shared this post: ENGINEERING • ROBOTICS • ACM-R5 Amphibious Robosnake ———————————————————————————————— The eight-kilogram reptile is powered by a 30-minute lithium ion battery, during which time the remote operator sets its general direction while sensors feeding a 32-bit microprocessor guide the actual underwater acrobatics and terra firma terrain negotiation. Like most technology, this will initially be used in a humani- tarian capacity to help locate victims of earthquakes and other disasters . . . ———————————————————————————————— Read more ? goo.gl/SY5i3

Turing’s intelligent machines This will be the first in a series of essays discussing Turing’s view of artificial intelligence. You can find some relevant links for further consideration at the bottom of the post. Questions, comments, and suggestions are appreciated! !: Turing’s prediction In his 1950’s paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Turing gives one of the first systematic philosophical treatments of the question of artificial intelligence. Philosophers back to Descartes have worried about whether “automatons” were capable of thinking, but Turing pioneered the invention of a new kind of machine that was capable of performances unlike any machine that had come before. This new machine was called the digital computer, and instead of doing physical work like all other machines before, the digital computer was capable for doing logical work. This capacity for abstract symbolic processing, for reasoning, was taken as the fundamentally unique distinction of the human mind since the time of Aristotle, and yet suddenly we were building machines that were capable of automating the same formal processes. When Turing wrote his essay, computers were still largely the stuff of science fiction; the term “computer” hadn’t really settled into popular use, mostly because people weren’t really using computers. Univac’s introduction in the 1950’s census effort and its prediction of the 1952 presidential election was still a few years into the future, and computing played virtually no role in the daily lives of the vast majority of people. In lieu of a better name, the press would describe the new digital computers as “mechanical brains”, and this rhetoric fed into the public’s uncertainty and fear of these unfamiliar machines. Despite his short life, Turing’s vision was long. His private letters show that he felt some personal stake in the popular acceptance of these “thinking machines”, and his 1950 essay […]

Recent empirical evidence has shown that enabling collective intelligence by introducing social influence, can be detrimental to the aggregate performance of a population (Lorenz et al. 2011). By social influence, we understand the pervasive tendency of individuals to conform to the behavior and expectations of others (Kahan 1997). In separate experiments, Lorenz et al. asked participants to re-evaluate their opinions on quantitative subjects over several rounds and under three information spreading scenarios — no information about others’ estimations (control group), the average of all opinions in each round and full information on other subjects’ judgements. They found evidence that under the latter two regimes, the diversity in the population decreased, while the collective deviation from the truth increased. This result justied the disheartening conclusion that allowing people to learn about others’ behaviours and adapt their own as a response does not always lead to the group acting “wiser”. Rather, as the authors posited, not only is the population jointly convinced of a wrong result, but even the simple aggregation technique of the wisdom of crowds is deteriorated. From a policy-maker’s perspective, such groups are, thus, not wise. Current research has not yet investigated thoroughly the theoretical link between social influence and its effect on the wisdom of crowds. In this paper, we build upon the empirical study in (Lorenz et al. 2011) by developing a formal model of social influence. Our goal is to unveil whether the effects of social in influence are unconditionally positive or negative, or whether its ultimate role is mediated through some mechanism, so that the effect on the group wisdom is only indirect. We adopt a minimalistic agent-based model, which successfully reproduces the fin dings of the said study and gives enough insight to draw more general conclusions. In particular, we confirm that small amounts […]

Today marks an important milestone for Wolfram|Alpha, and for computational knowledge in general: for the first time, Wolfram|Alpha is now on average giving complete, successful responses to more than 90% of the queries entered on its website (and with “nearby” interpretations included, the fraction is closer to 95%). I consider this an impressive achievement—the hard-won result of many years of progressively filling out the knowledge and linguistic capabilities of the system. The picture below shows how the fraction of successful queries (in green) has increased relative to unsuccessful ones (red) since Wolfram|Alpha was launched in 2009. And from the log scale in the right-hand panel, we can see that there’s been a roughly exponential decrease in the failure rate, with a half-life of around 18 months. It seems to be a kind of Moore’s law for computational knowledge: the net effect of innumerable individual engineering achievements and new ideas is to give exponential improvement. http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2012/04/overcoming-artificial-stupidity/ thx +Peter Asaro Stephen Wolfram Blog : Overcoming Artificial Stupidity Progressive improvements allow Wolfram|Alpha to give successful responses 90% of the time. Stephen Wolfram shares some quirky answers that have been corrected along the way.

Matt Uebel originally shared this post: #futurism #science #singularity #optimism #hope #awe #youtube @jason_silva.

Since #hologram is a trending topic, let me talk a bit more about another famous hologram star. This is Hatsune Miku. Created in 2007, she is a completely digital hologramatic pop star. Even her voice is entirely synthesized! In fact, she was built by voice synthesis company Crypton to showcase their Vocaloid technology. Crypton conceived of Hatsune Miku as “An android diva in the near-future world where songs are lost.” Okay, the music is awful and should have probably stayed lost, but Hatsune Miku has attracted thousands of fans to concerts every year, including shows in the United states. The shows are largely supported by the vibrant #vocaloid community. Since Hatsune Miku’s voice is entirely synthesized, the songs she performs are largely written by her fans, who have built programs for both song writing and dancing, and can completely control the performance of the hologram. Wikipedia says that in 2011, her fans had written over 22,000 songs for her.. That community is influential enough that I’m sure you’ve heard one of its more famous songs: Hatsune Miku is also the voice behind Nyan Cat! Maybe you don’t find this terribly interesting, but this is a pretty good window into Digital Culture, and its worth paying some attention. For one thing, it shows a pretty striking contrast to the way holograms are treated in the States. Undead Tupac at Coachella and the novelty uses on cable news shows both treat holograms as somewhere between a joke and a spectacle, to be dangled out before the massed who they’ve already drugged up on ecstasy or politics; but it is dangled coyly, always concealing the wizards behind the curtain. In Japan, however, their holograms are literally singing the songs written by its communities of enthusiasts. There, everyone involved knows exactly who is pulling […]

Allison Sekuler originally shared this post: Memory as an Optimal Foraging System Researchers test the idea that we hunt for memories in our minds the same way some animals search for food…. Sometimes, when we actively remember something, our attention seems to strategically shift from cluster to cluster of stored information, like a bee flitting from one patch of flowers to another. more at Scientific American: http://goo.gl/eQqjK #ScienceEveryday

The spotting of this latest prototype comes just days after California Senate Bill 1298 – which directs the California Highway Patrol to set safety standards and performance requirements for autonomous vehicle testing and operation — passed the Senate Transportation Committee with an 8 to 0 vote before being sent to the Senate Rules committee. Singularity 2045 originally shared this post: http://www.wired.com/autopia/2012/04/google-autonomous-lexus-rx450h/ Exclusive: Google Expands Its Autonomous Fleet With Hybrid Lexus RX450h | Autopia | Wired.com Google has added another family member to its autonomous vehicle program, and an eagle-eyed reader in Southern California caught the Big G’s Lexus RX45

Frederic Emam-Zadé Gerardino originally shared this post: