Again in the D&D revolution thread: I’m not sure if you explicitly know this, but you are basically giving a rough definition of ‘media’ in the technical sense of the term. It is important that ‘new media’ is understood as a genuinely new medium of communication, and how rare and wonderful the creation of a new medium is. You are being too generous with your ‘phases’; the printed word is basically identical to the broadcasted word in the technical sense of ‘media’, the only difference is in scope and scale. So it is important to recognize that new media is not just a change in scope and scale, it is a change in medium itself. The classic media studies analysis of this uses the analogy of transportation. The analogy isn’t perfect, but it does have the virtue of distinguishing between “mode of transportation” and “vehicle of transportation”. All the talk of ‘speed’ and ‘audience’ is about the vehicle, not the medium. Here’s how the analogy works: For the vast, vast majority of our existence as a species, the only areas we could travel to were over land. We can improve the speed and scale of land-based travel through various technological innovations- the wheel, the paved road- but they are still taking us to and from the same places. Then a breakthrough emerges: we build boats. Suddenly, we have a new avenue of travel previously off limits. In some cases it allows faster travel between distant lands, but sometimes this travel might be slower. The difference, though, is not simply a difference of speed, it is a difference of medium: we are traveling through avenues that were previously inaccessible. As a result, we opened up new destinations that we could have never reached by land-based travel alone, such as islands scattered […]